# Acronyms

This is a list of acronyms commonly used in the PostgreSQL documentation and in discussions about PostgreSQL.

AIO

- Asynchronous I/O

ACL

- Access Control List

AM

- Access Method

ANSI

- American National Standards Institute

API

- Application Programming Interface

ASCII

- American Standard Code for Information Interchange

BKI

- Backend Interface

CA

- Certificate Authority

CIDR

- Classless Inter-Domain Routing

CPAN

- Comprehensive Perl Archive Network

CRL

- Certificate Revocation List

CSV

- Comma Separated Values

CTE

- Common Table Expression

CVE

- Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures

DBA

- Database Administrator

DBI

- Database Interface (Perl)

DBMS

- Database Management System

DDL

- Data Definition Language, SQL commands such as `CREATE TABLE`, `ALTER USER`

DML

- Data Manipulation Language, SQL commands such as `INSERT`, `UPDATE`, `DELETE`

DST

- Daylight Saving Time

ECPG

- Embedded C for PostgreSQL

ESQL

- Embedded SQL

FAQ

- Frequently Asked Questions

FSM

- Free Space Map

GEQO

- Genetic Query Optimizer

GIN

- Generalized Inverted Index

GiST

- Generalized Search Tree

Git

- Git

GMT

- Greenwich Mean Time

GSSAPI

- Generic Security Services Application Programming Interface

GUC

- Grand Unified Configuration, the PostgreSQL subsystem that handles server configuration

HBA

- Host-Based Authentication

HOT

- Heap-Only Tuples

IEC

- International Electrotechnical Commission

IEEE

- Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers

IPC

- Inter-Process Communication

I/O

- Input/Output

ISO

- International Organization for Standardization

ISSN

- International Standard Serial Number

JDBC

- Java Database Connectivity

JIT

- Just-in-Time compilation

JSON

- JavaScript Object Notation

LDAP

- Lightweight Directory Access Protocol

LSN

- Log Sequence Number

MCF

- Most Common Frequency, that is the frequency associated with some Most Common Value

MCV

- Most Common Value, one of the values appearing most often within a particular table column

MITM

- Man-in-the-middle attack

MSVC

- Microsoft Visual C

MVCC

- Multi-Version Concurrency Control

NLS

- National Language Support

ODBC

- Open Database Connectivity

OID

- Object Identifier

OLAP

- Online Analytical Processing

OLTP

- Online Transaction Processing

ORDBMS

- Object-Relational Database Management System

PAM

- Pluggable Authentication Modules

PGSQL

- PostgreSQL

PGXS

- PostgreSQL Extension System

PID

- Process Identifier

PITR

- Point-In-Time Recovery (Continuous Archiving)

PL

- Procedural Languages (server-side)

POSIX

- Portable Operating System Interface

RDBMS

- Relational Database Management System

RFC

- Request For Comments

SGML

- Standard Generalized Markup Language

SNI

- Server Name Indication, RFC 6066

SPI

- Server Programming Interface

SP-GiST

- Space-Partitioned Generalized Search Tree

SQL

- Structured Query Language

SRF

- Set-Returning Function

SSH

- Secure Shell

SSL

- Secure Sockets Layer

SSPI

- Security Support Provider Interface

SYSV

- Unix System V

TCP/IP

- Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) / Internet Protocol (IP)

TID

- Tuple Identifier

TLS

- Transport Layer Security

TOAST

- The Oversized-Attribute Storage Technique

TPC

- Transaction Processing Performance Council

URL

- Uniform Resource Locator

UTC

- Coordinated Universal Time

UTF

- Unicode Transformation Format

UTF8

- Eight-Bit Unicode Transformation Format

UUID

- Universally Unique Identifier

WAL

- Write-Ahead Log

XID

- Transaction Identifier

XML

- Extensible Markup Language